{"id":2406,"date":"2026-10-11T15:15:23","date_gmt":"2026-10-11T15:15:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/?p=2406"},"modified":"2026-10-11T15:15:25","modified_gmt":"2026-10-11T15:15:25","slug":"cong-dong-nguoi-viet-quoc-gia-hay-cong-dong-nguoi-viet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/cong-dong-nguoi-viet-quoc-gia-hay-cong-dong-nguoi-viet\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c gia hay C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n,d\u00e2n,c\u00e1n,ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ecb Ban H\u1ee3p Ca H\u1ed3n Vi\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00e0i T\u01b0\u1edfng Ni\u1ec7m Chi\u1ebfn S\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t-M\u1ef9 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ch\u00e0o c\u1edd. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00e0o c\u1edd Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i s\u00e1ng Ch\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt trong su\u1ed1t 7 n\u0103m qua.<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T<\/strong>h\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 danh x\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ef1u h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u0169, th\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng hay g\u1eafn th\u00eam ch\u1eef “qu\u1ed1c gia”, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u201cC\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c gia Houston v\u00e0 V\u00f9ng Ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng sau 51 n\u0103m t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ef1 do tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y, ch\u1eef \u201cqu\u1ed1c gia\u201d ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c danh x\u01b0ng \u1edf h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n\u2026 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft xin t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00ec sao? V\u00e0 c\u0169ng xin t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao theo suy ngh\u0129 ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 co gi\u00e3n. Khi m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng phi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn\u2026h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba), th\u00ec t\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t suy ngh\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m t\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a<\/strong>. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam hay b\u1edbt ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng xu, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u1eb1m trong suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cqu\u1ed1c gia\u201d mang nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a, t\u00e2m l\u00fd, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc quanh m\u1ed1c 30\/4 n\u0103m 1975, v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t sinh sau n\u0103m 1975, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eabn th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai sinh ra \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi k\u00fd \u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 “Qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam” ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1949 t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00c9lys\u00e9e, Paris. Danh x\u01b0ng \u201cQu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d<\/strong> (ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p: \u00c9tat du Vi\u00eat Nam<\/em>) t\u1eebng l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1955. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tin t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3<\/strong> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1949 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00c9lys\u00e9e k\u00fd k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p Vincent Auriol v\u00e0 C\u1ef1u ho\u00e0ng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a ra trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a do Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch cs H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/li>\n
  • L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4:<\/strong> Qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng do qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n<\/strong>, tuy nhi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i T\u1ed5ng h\u00e0nh dinh \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n
  • Qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c ca:<\/strong> Ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 c\u1edd v\u00e0ng ba s\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecf<\/strong> l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3, v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t “Ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n”<\/em> (nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u00e0i Sinh vi\u00ean h\u00e0nh kh\u00fac<\/em> c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda l\u1eddi) l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c ca.<\/li>\n
  • Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1955, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i. Sau khi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 Qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a<\/strong> (th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    ***<\/p>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u1ea3 hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, b\u1ecf ch\u1eef<\/strong> hay th\u00eam ch\u1eef<\/strong> “Qu\u1ed1c gia”, th\u1ef1c ra \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00edch nghi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/strong> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n

    Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng “B\u1ecf ch\u1eef” hay \u201cH\u01b0\u1edbng ngo\u1ea1i\u201d – <\/strong><\/span>S\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi v\u00ec sinh t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di d\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u00ec b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00f3a v\u00e0 phi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n sinh.<\/p>\n

    H\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/em><\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ecf ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd hay v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f2ng tay \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ec1 c\u0103n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t:<\/em><\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb “gi\u1eef g\u00ecn m\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb” sang “b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i” nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

    Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng “Th\u00eam ch\u1eef” –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>S\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi v\u00ec b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay \u201cH\u01b0\u1edbng N\u1ed9i\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t. Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch sang xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, phi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, th\u00ec t\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/em>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t:<\/em><\/strong> “Qu\u1ed1c gia” l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 C\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n chia c\u1eaft v\u00e0 N\u1ed7i ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ra \u0111i t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c ngay sau n\u0103m 1975, ch\u1eef “qu\u1ed1c gia” mang s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111au! Trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975, ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi “C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n”. Khi h\u1ecd n\u00f3i “ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c gia”<\/em> hay “ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a Qu\u1ed1c gia”<\/em>, ch\u1eef n\u00e0y mang h\u00e0m \u00fd ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 do, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. “Qu\u1ed1c gia” \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng tr\u1eddi k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u0103n nh\u00e0, m\u1ea3nh ru\u1ed9ng, con ph\u1ed1 c\u0169 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng di c\u01b0 nh\u01b0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean, tr\u1ea1i t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n, hay c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh HO, ODP.<\/p>\n

    H\u1ecd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00ecn gi\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, phong t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n “qu\u1ed1c gia” trong l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111ang qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t sinh sau n\u0103m 1975:<\/em><\/strong> “Qu\u1ed1c gia” l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, l\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh \u0111a v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 <\/strong>(mindset) to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. <\/strong>Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sinh sau n\u0103m 1975 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn hay s\u1ef1 chia c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “qu\u1ed1c gia” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong n\u01b0\u1edbc <\/strong>(ho\u1eb7c di c\u01b0 mu\u1ed9n theo di\u1ec7n du h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 kinh t\u1ebf): \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd – ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, h\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfu, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. H\u1ecd nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn “qu\u1ed1c gia” qua th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u th\u1ec3 thao, v\u1ecb th\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf, du l\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u1eef “qu\u1ed1c gia” mang t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u00edt b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi l\u0103ng k\u00ednh \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/li>\n
    • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i: <\/strong>C\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y: – L\u1edbp con c\u00e1i \u0111i theo cha m\u1eb9 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n di t\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1975<\/em>: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y, “qu\u1ed1c gia” (Vi\u1ec7t Nam) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u00f4ng b\u00e0, cha m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh sinh ra, m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n ngon, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
    • M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 2 hay 3 c\u00f3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “Qu\u1ed1c gia k\u00e9p”<\/em><\/strong> (Hyphenated Identity):<\/strong> H\u1ecd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t, \u00dac g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t, hay Ph\u00e1p g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t. Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n “qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n t\u00ednh v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn. H\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2, mong mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 mang theo s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 h\u1eadn hay chia r\u1ebd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1eef “qu\u1ed1c gia” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh giang s\u01a1n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i \u0111au t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sinh sau n\u0103m 1975, “qu\u1ed1c gia” \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf h\u01a1n, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap h\u1ecd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: “T\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai?”<\/em> trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111a c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o t\u1eeb hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

      D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng “B\u1ecf ch\u1eef”<\/strong> th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di d\u00e2n n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y qua kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m theo th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a k\u00fd \u1ee9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 – Temporal Decay of Collective Memory. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

      * Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i:<\/strong> K\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975, s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t giang s\u01a1n, hay n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m mang t\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/em> v\u00e0 m\u00e1u th\u1ecbt<\/em> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai (sinh th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 80-90) v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 ba (Gen Z, sinh nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000 tr\u1edf \u0111i), nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed qua l\u1eddi k\u1ec3<\/em> ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb d\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng danh x\u01b0ng mang n\u1eb7ng t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd b\u1ecf ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc c\u1ea3m x\u00fac” gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

      * \u00c1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb “H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng H\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 T\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9” (Institutional Funding & Legality): <\/strong>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd khi \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9, \u00dac, hay Canada, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn <\/strong>(nonprofit hay 501(c)(3)).<\/em> \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 (grants) t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 nh\u1eb1m lo cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t cho tr\u1ebb em, hay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ee3 T\u1ebft, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u1ecd l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb <\/strong>(non-political)<\/strong> v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” (v\u1ed1n mang t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb r\u1ea5t r\u00f5) \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 e ng\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c k\u00fd duy\u1ec7t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i Houston<\/em>) gi\u00fap h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

      * S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u0103n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0u vong” sang “C\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t”:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong>Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 1 – Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0u vong:<\/strong> T\u00e2m th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi m\u1edbi sang l\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t “ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7\/c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u01b0u vong” \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd ng\u00e0y tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a c\u0169.<\/p>\n

      Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau – C\u00f4ng d\u00e2n:<\/strong> H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t ngay t\u1ea1i ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, danh x\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1m c\u01b0 mang t\u00e2m th\u1ebf ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.”<\/em><\/p>\n

      Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng “B\u1ecf ch\u1eef” ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u<\/strong> v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong qu\u1ed1c gia hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba tr\u1ebb h\u00f3a, v\u1eeba h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 cha anh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn hai ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp<\/em> n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 phi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp (B\u1ecf ch\u1eef) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (Th\u00eam ch\u1eef), ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n nay. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh qua ba \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t sau:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Quy lu\u1eadt “B\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng nhau” c\u1ee7a \u00dd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 <\/strong>(The Equilibrium of Ideology): Trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u0103n t\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1ea5t \u0111i. Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00e2n sinh l\u00e2u n\u0103m ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch b\u1ecf ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia”<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng ngo\u1ea1i (h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf, thu h\u00fat gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba), h\u1ecd v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t “kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng” v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, quy lu\u1eadt c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi (nh\u01b0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean k\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i – H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i) s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00eam ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia”<\/strong> v\u00e0o danh x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau nhau m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/strong>. H\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n phi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb lo ph\u1ea7n “x\u00e1c” (an sinh, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng), c\u00f2n h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gi\u1eef ph\u1ea7n “h\u1ed3n” (k\u00fd \u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng).<\/li>\n
      • S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch vai tr\u00f2 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t qua vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c vs. \u0110\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00e1nh chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t thay v\u00ec g\u1ed9p chung nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y: Nh\u00e1nh H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp (B\u1ecf ch\u1eef): \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 (Ethnic Minority)<\/strong> v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh trong l\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i. S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i t\u1ea1i ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9, \u00dac, Canada; l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 3; l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c T\u1ebft th\u1eadt l\u1edbn. H\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn s\u1ef1 trung t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i. C\u00f2n Nh\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea5u tranh (Th\u00eam ch\u1eef):<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n (Political Dissident \/ Opposition). S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 lo chuy\u1ec7n an sinh b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u00f2ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do gi\u1eefa h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t: S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9: <\/strong>S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i song song c\u1ee7a hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n h\u00f3c b\u00faa cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u00ecn nh\u00f3m “Th\u00eam ch\u1eef” l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m, n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u00f3m gi\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng “Qu\u1ed1c gia” c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn nh\u00ecn nh\u00f3m “B\u1ecf ch\u1eef” nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c, th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c phai nh\u1ea1t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          V\u00ec v\u1eady, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0<\/strong> c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh khi hai nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nhau. Nh\u00f3m “B\u1ecf ch\u1eef” c\u1ea7n t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a cha anh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00f3m “Th\u00eam ch\u1eef” c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c cho hai ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

          D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di d\u00e2n t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cuba \u1edf Miami, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Armenia sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed1c 50 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd \u0111i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

          S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef, b\u1ecf ch\u1eef \u201cQu\u1ed1c gia\u201d trong danh x\u01b0ng, cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/strong>. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t “v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u0169 \u0111ang l\u01b0u vong”, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1edf t\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

          Suy ngh\u0129 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

          Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” ra kh\u1ecfi danh hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea1nh l\u00f2ng cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edf th\u00eam nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1i t\u00ean tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd, m\u00e0 n\u1eb1m \u1edf d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

          C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eef “qu\u1ed1c gia”, nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i mang ch\u1eef “qu\u1ed1c gia g\u1eafn v\u00e0o. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 “H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean k\u1ebft Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i Ngo\u1ea1i”<\/em> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1eafn th\u00eam ch\u1eef \u201cQu\u1ed1c Gia\u201d<\/strong> v\u00e0o sau c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i mang t\u00ednh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u0103n t\u00ednh r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

          N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169 b\u1ecf<\/em> ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nhu c\u1ea7u tr\u1ebb h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00f3a, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi th\u00eam<\/em> ch\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u00e0o l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t. C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c Gia” trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i – qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i mang m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u0111a nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
          • K\u1ebf th\u1eeba bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c g\u1eafn th\u00eam ch\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng “Qu\u1ed1c gia”, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e1 c\u1edd v\u00e0ng ba s\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecf. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u1edf “Qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i”, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u1eefng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 d\u00e2n sinh thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c “m\u1ea5t \u0111i tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7”. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed5 t\u00fac th\u00eam ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” v\u00e0o t\u00ean g\u1ecdi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p<\/em><\/strong>. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhanh ch\u00f3ng thu h\u00fat v\u00e0 gom t\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 chung xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u1edf c\u1ea3 trong l\u1eabn ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean<\/strong>. Ai ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ch\u1eef “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c Gia” t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng \u00edt mang t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng; tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean quan.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

            S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p “Qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i” + “H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i” + “Qu\u1ed1c gia” <\/strong>trong m\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t tham v\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi nh\u01b0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng “Qu\u1ed1c gia” ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ec9 \u1edf trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t; khi g\u1eafn ch\u1eef “Qu\u1ed1c gia” v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft “Qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i”, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n g\u1eedi \u0111i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p: Tinh th\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c gia qua l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, m\u00e0 \u0111ang \u00e2m th\u1ea7m hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c mong mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf ngay trong l\u00f2ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

            K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn – H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c vs. \u0110\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

            S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa hai cung c\u00e1ch h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00e1nh chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t thay v\u00ec g\u1ed9p chung nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

            \u00a0<\/strong>Nh\u00e1nh H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp (B\u1ecf ch\u1eef):<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 (Ethnic Minority)<\/strong> v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh trong l\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i. S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i t\u1ea1i ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9, \u00dac, Canada; l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 3; l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c T\u1ebft th\u1eadt l\u1edbn. H\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn s\u1ef1 trung t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, theo h\u01b0\u1edbng suy ngh\u0129 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0, t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean \u1ee7y, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Houston c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cC\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c gia Houston v\u00e0 V\u00f9ng Ph\u1ee5 C\u1eadn\u201d<\/em>. Trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (2026), b\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec7u \u1edf tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Bellaire ghi l\u00e0: \u201cTrung t\u00e2m Sinh ho\u1ea1t C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d\u2026 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eef \u201cQu\u1ed1c gia\u201d. Hy v\u1ecdng, Ban \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft khi b\u1ecf ch\u1eef \u201cQu\u1ed1c gia\u201d.<\/p>\n

            Nh\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea5u tranh (Th\u00eam ch\u1eef):<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n <\/strong>(Political Dissident \/ Opposition). S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 lo chuy\u1ec7n an sinh b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u00f2ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do gi\u1eefa h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

            S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i song song c\u1ee7a hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y sau h\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t d\u00f9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i, nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n

            Sau c\u00f9ng, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh khi hai nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nhau. Nh\u00f3m “B\u1ecf ch\u1eef” c\u1ea7n t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a cha anh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00f3m “Th\u00eam ch\u1eef” c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c cho hai ch\u1eef “Vi\u1ec7t Nam” kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

            Mai Thanh Truy\u1ebft<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h2>\n

            Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

            Houston \u2013 Th\u00e1ng 9-2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            V\u00ec sao nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t b\u1ecf ch\u1eef \u201cQu\u1ed1c gia\u201d kh\u1ecfi danh x\u01b0ng, trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i th\u00eam v\u00e0o? Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":2408,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[105,85,99],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community","category-current-issue","category-essay"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2406"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2406\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2471,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2406\/revisions\/2471"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}