{"id":2343,"date":"2026-10-11T14:54:46","date_gmt":"2026-10-11T14:54:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/?p=2343"},"modified":"2026-10-11T14:54:48","modified_gmt":"2026-10-11T14:54:48","slug":"van-nan-gian-lan-hang-trung-chuyen-vao-hoa-ky-viet-nam-nhan-hau-qua-tham-hai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/van-nan-gian-lan-hang-trung-chuyen-vao-hoa-ky-viet-nam-nhan-hau-qua-tham-hai\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ea5n N\u1ea1n Gian L\u1eadn H\u00e0ng Trung Chuy\u1ec3n V\u00e0o Hoa K\u1ef3 – Vi\u1ec7t Nam Nh\u1eadn H\u1eadu Qu\u1ea3 Th\u1ea3m H\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Image by Stocksnap of Pixabay.com<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

I.D\u1eabn Nh\u1eadp <\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Trong kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m nay, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VN). \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Trung qu\u1ed1c (TQ), \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 2018.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n, v\u00e0 gian x\u1ea3o, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i cho Hoa k\u1ef3. \u00a0M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh trang b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb TQ, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t h\u01a1p ph\u00e1p (illegal transshipped goods) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qui m\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n

Hoa k\u1ef3 mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3i s\u1eeda t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean. TT Trump d\u00f9ng thu\u1ebf quan (tariff) coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nhanh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3. Theo \u0111\u00f3 TQ b\u1ecb thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ee9t, v\u00ec h\u00e0ng M\u1ef9 nh\u1eadp si\u00eau h\u00e0ng TQ l\u1edbn nh\u1ee9t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sai ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1, TQ chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. VN l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp tay TQ cho h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ea5t qua M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb 2018, VN c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t qua M\u1ef9 t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 nhanh v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. VN chi\u1ebfm h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 5 trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 ba, sau TQ v\u00e0 Mexico v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau v\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3. VN b\u1ecb coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n TQ, v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

Theo Report c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng \u201cThe Great Transshipment Scam\u201d, ng\u00e0y 13\/8\/2026 cho r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng Trung qu\u1ed1c chuy\u1ec3n qua 40 qu\u1ed1c gia, r\u1ed3i t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t sang Hoa k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 thu\u1ebf quan cao, v\u1edbi qui m\u00f4 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, m\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cShadow Tranship Network\u201d. S\u1ef1 gian l\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho kinh t\u1ebf M\u1ef9 kho\u1ea3ng 136 t\u1ef7 m\u1ef9 kim m\u1ed9t n\u0103m (Reuter 21\/9\/2025). Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, VN \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gian l\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Hoa k\u1ef3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t thu\u1ebf quan r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi VN v\u00e0 40 qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn n\u1ea7y, VN \u1edf trong t\u1ea7m nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00ec VN xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng qua M\u1ef9 chi\u1ebfm 30% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng VN, v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau c\u1ee7a VN v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi 160 t\u1ef7 m\u1ef9 kim, n\u0103m 2025, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau TQ v\u00e0 Mexico. Ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t 12,5% cho h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a VN, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb thu\u1ebf tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n 40%. Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 VN c\u00f2n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch. D\u00f9 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn k\u1ebft th\u00fac ra sao, hy v\u1ecdng trong th\u00e1ng t\u1edbi, VN ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gian l\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf VN s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Hoa k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eadc nh\u1ee9t, n\u00ean VN c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i Hoa k\u1ef3 d\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, T\u00f4 L\u00e2m c\u00f3 d\u1eabn ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o. Trong tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u1edbi Reuter ng\u00e0y 21\/9\/2026, T\u00f4 L\u00e2m n\u00f3i VN kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn trung chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch sai tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan VN, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc CS \u0111\u00e0n em c\u1ee7a TQ, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho VN \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u00e0: C\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn VN ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng 20% h\u00e0ng VN xu\u1ea5t qua M\u1ef9, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 VN nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng TQ g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n VN xu\u1ea5t qua TQ. S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn n\u1ea7y VN d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng TQ. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y v\u00f4 l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00f2n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t an ninh khu v\u1ef1c. Trong s\u1ef1 tranh ch\u1ea5p M\u1ef9 – Trung \u1edf \u00c1 ch\u00e2u Th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, VN c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 TQ kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bu\u00f4ng. C\u00f2n Hoa k\u1ef3 th\u00ec mu\u1ed1n VN kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c TQ.<\/p>\n

Ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, VN b\u1ecb l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 an ninh v\u1edbi TQ, m\u00e0 VN kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ec1m k\u1eb9p n\u1ea7y. V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf, VN b\u1ecb l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c TQ v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, t\u1eeb khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n, ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3. Trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn thu\u1ebf quan, Hoa k\u1ef3 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea1nh TQ. VN l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp tay v\u1edbi TQ g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng khai.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tay ba Hoa k\u1ef3-Vi\u1ec7t Nam-Trung qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u1eeba \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u1eeba d\u1ee5 VN. Cho n\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn quan thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi VN d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, r\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o. V\u00ec h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 5\/2026, T\u00f2a T\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc lu\u1eadt thu\u1ebf quan trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (Emergency of Power Tariff), Ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n TT Trump, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8\/2026 Hoa k\u1ef3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c 301 c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt quan thu\u1ebf, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1edbi, th\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t cho h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00f9y theo m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ebf tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 40%.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch VN-Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 cho r\u1eb1ng VN c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gian l\u1eadn, b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, sai tr\u00e1i, \u00a0l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn cho Hoa k\u1ef3. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n v\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 n\u00eau ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u VN ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 c\u00e1n c\u00e2n qu\u00e1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch do do xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau VN; th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 VN xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n TQ; th\u1ee9 ba, l\u00e0 VN s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u1ea3i, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed do lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ee9c t\u1eeb T\u00e2n c\u01b0\u01a1ng; v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 \u0103n c\u1eafp s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1c VN.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, t\u00f4i xin t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i n\u1ea7y g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. D\u1eabn Nh\u1eadp. II. V\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n thu\u1ebf quan Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a VN. III.V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Trung qu\u1ed1c qua VN. IV.H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a VN.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    II. V\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n Thu\u1ebf quan Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi H\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb VN<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    *T\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng VN-US<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb khi hai n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00fd k\u1ebft bang giao (1995), v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 nhanh, nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 2020 t\u1edbi nay.<\/p>\n

    T\u00f3m t\u1eaft ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng VN v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 (t\u1ef7 m\u1ef9 kim):<\/p>\n

    N\u0103m\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Xu\u1ea5t \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nh\u1eadp \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0C\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (VN\/M\u1ef9)<\/p>\n

    2010\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 14,867.9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3,705.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 11,162.3<\/p>\n

    2020\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 79,582.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 9,915.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 69,667<\/p>\n

    2025\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 193,879.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a015,603.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0178,276<\/p>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n: Wikipedia<\/em><\/p>\n

    Xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau c\u1ee7a VN qua M\u1ef9 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb $11 t\u1ef7,162 (2010) l\u00ean $178 t\u1ef7, 276 (2025), t\u1ee9c t\u0103ng 13 l\u1ea7n trong v\u00f2ng 15 n\u0103m. T\u0103ng nhanh nh\u1ee9t t\u1eeb 2018. V\u1edbi th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng kinh t\u1ebf VN, th\u00ec con s\u1ed1 n\u1ea7y kh\u00e1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng VN kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng nhanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng VN v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 t\u0103ng nhanh c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng TQ xu\u1ea5t qua M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a VN.<\/p>\n

    Khi Hoa k\u1ef3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thu\u1ebf quan h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 8\/2025, thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t TQ cao h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t VN, VN v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh qua M\u1ef9 c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00e1ng t\u01b0\/26 t\u0103ng 12 t\u1ef7 (34%), so v\u1edbi th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, VN nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng TQ c\u0169ng t\u0103ng 15 t\u1ef7 (31%). Th\u00e1ng 8\/2026 l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng 23.4% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (Vietnam Today).<\/p>\n

    VN nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng M\u1ef9 qu\u00e1 \u00edt so v\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t qua M\u1ef9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u M\u1ef9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u VN ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. VN h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd nh\u1eadp th\u00eam m\u00e1y bay, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n\u2026 v\u1edbi thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng b\u1eb1ng 0%.<\/p>\n

    *Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thu\u1ebf quan Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi VN <\/strong><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc Hoa k\u1ef3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t quan thu\u1ebf cho VN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft:<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4\/2025, khi Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thu\u1ebf quan (tariff) chung cho 60 qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho Hoa k\u1ef3. Trong \u0111\u00f3 VN l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb coi nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ee9t, ch\u1ec9 sau TQ, m\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Theo c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, VN b\u1ecb thu\u1ebf quan t\u1edbi 46%, ch\u1ec9 sau TQ b\u1ecb 50%.<\/p>\n

    Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o, thu\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t n\u1ea7y xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 20%, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n VN s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf 0% h\u00e0ng M\u1ef9 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o VN, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd mua nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau. V\u00e0 VN s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n TQ c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t v\u1edbi thu\u1ebf 40%.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5\/2026, T\u00f2a T\u1ed1i cao Hoa k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng cho \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c \u201cT\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d (Emergency-Poower Tariff) c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Quan thu\u1ebf. Ph\u00eda H\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n qua \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Section 301. Thu\u1ebf quan theo \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi n\u1ea7y c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 7\/2026. M\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 10%. Nh\u01b0ng VN b\u1ecb 12,5%, v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 40%. T\u1ea1m th\u1eddi m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf n\u1ea7y \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

    V\u00ec s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thu\u1ebf quan c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u1eeba qua theo ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1i cao Ph\u00e1p vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o ti\u1ebfp, v\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11\/2026. Do \u0111\u00f3 VN v\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00f2n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. VN mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf 10%. VN mu\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb Hoa k\u1ef3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t thu\u1ebf tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t 40%, v\u00ec VN ch\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

    Qua nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, Hoa k\u1ef3 bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u VN gian l\u1eadn h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n, hay gian d\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9. Gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd k\u00e8m theo ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, g\u1ed3m h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n mua h\u00e0ng, qui tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u00ean ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ty, t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh c\u00f4ng ty, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u1eadp l\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn, kho ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0ng, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ed1c d\u1edf, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, t\u00e0u ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng\u2026<\/p>\n

    N\u1ebfu gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 cho h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb TQ qua VN m\u00e0 VN\u00a0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u1eb7t v\u1eb7t hay ch\u1ec9 d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 \u201cmade in Vietnam\u201d, l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a VN. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb TQ ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n xong, ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y TQ thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, VN ch\u1ec9 gia c\u00f4ng ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ec9nh. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng TQ. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ecb ng\u1ee5y trang hay gian d\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 VN, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb quan thu\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u tra ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o, b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c minh th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n CS.<\/p>\n

    Trong m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng qua, c\u00f3 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean quan thu\u1ebf Hoa k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn VN \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n ngay t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng theo nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec VN c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1edbn v\u00e0o sai ph\u1ea1m n\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

    White House c\u00f3 n\u00f3i Hoa k\u1ef3 s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt AI cho vi\u1ec7c truy x\u00e9t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gian l\u1eadn v\u00e0o Hoa k\u1ef3. V\u00e0 M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i s\u1eeda m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 quan thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh gian l\u1eadn m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho kinh t\u1ebf Hoa k\u1ef3. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady VN v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n trong giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    *S\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 quan thu\u1ebf c\u00f2n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n <\/strong><\/p>\n

    S\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ph\u00eda VN xin gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 b\u1edbt.<\/p>\n

    N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o v\u1eabn l\u00e0: Ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eadp si\u00eau qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn h\u00e0ng VN. VN ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb TQ. VN vi ph\u1ea1m lu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u do c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. VN ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eadp si\u00eau c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m, v\u00ec thu\u1ebf t\u0103ng l\u00ean, gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a VN cao h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, VN cam k\u1ebft s\u1ebd nh\u1eadp th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi thu\u1ebf quan 0%. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef7 g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y bay, v\u0169 kh\u00ed, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n, theo lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng. VN ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do c\u00f4ng ty \u1edf VN. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh qua h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn, b\u1ed1c d\u1edf, thanh to\u00e1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u hay linh ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, kho h\u00e0ng, thu\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu VN kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ef1c l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn do VN ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n VN tham gia \u00edt h\u01a1n 30%, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb TQ, v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t th\u00eam 40%.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a VN s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mua nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb T\u00e2n c\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. V\u00e0 b\u1ecb Hoa k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, VN \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 phi ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, hai b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n VN-TQ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi N\u1ed9i c\u00e1c TT Trump, v\u0169 kh\u00ed quan thu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf quan th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh bang giao kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

    Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, VN \u1edf th\u1ebf y\u1ebfu, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ee9t, l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng vi ph\u1ea1m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf VN r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9. Kinh t\u1ebf VN c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch l\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf suy s\u1ee5p.<\/p>\n

    N\u1ebfu th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft, th\u00ec VN r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ebf quan 12,5% cho h\u00e0ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 40% thu\u1ebf h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n l\u1edbn cho VN.<\/p>\n

    III. V\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n H\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n Trung qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i VN <\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    M\u1eadu d\u1ecbch VN-TQ v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 gia t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhanh trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m nay. TQ c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb Hoa k\u1ef3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf, th\u00ec m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan VN-TQ c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd th\u00eam. Hai qu\u1ed1c gia CS n\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u00f3. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, hai l\u1ea7n T\u1eadp c\u1eadn B\u00ecnh qua VN, h\u1ed3i 2023 v\u00e0 2025, TQ mu\u1ed1n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan hai n\u01b0\u1edbc CS anh em. Hai b\u00ean cam k\u1ebft s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Trong b\u00e0i n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ee9ng minh VN xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a TQ qua M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    *T\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 TQ t\u1ea1i VN <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft, VN \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi TQ r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm v\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975. S\u1ef1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng. VN l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0n em c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c thi s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c TQ, d\u00f9 VN mu\u1ed1n \u0111i d\u00e2y v\u1edbi M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    V\u00e0i con s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a VN-TQ (t\u1ef7 m\u1ef9 kim):<\/p>\n

    N\u0103m\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 VN xu\u1ea5t qua TQ\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VN nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb TQ\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0C\u00e2n m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch TQ\/VN<\/p>\n

    2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a013,17\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 36,88\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 23,71<\/p>\n

    2020\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 48,87\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a084,19\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 35,32<\/p>\n

    2023\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 92,81\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0138,24\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 45,43<\/p>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n: Trade Index, 2024<\/em><\/p>\n

    Trong 10 n\u0103m, VN nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng TQ t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 300%. S\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng VN xu\u1ea5t qua TQ c\u0169ng t\u0103ng nhanh. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadp si\u00eau v\u1edbi TQ v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t cao. VN c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a TQ.<\/p>\n

    Theo \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, kho\u1ea3ng 25% h\u00e0ng VN xu\u1ea5t qua M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb TQ, h\u00e0ng n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c VN d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t, hay do c\u00f4ng ty TQ t\u1ea1i VN ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a TQ. VN c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u201cmade in Vietnam\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a TQ t\u1ea1i VN:<\/em> FDI TQ t\u1ea1i VN gia t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh M\u1eadu d\u1ecbch Hoa k\u1ef3 TQ x\u1ea3y ra. N\u0103m 2024, FDI c\u1ee7a TQ chi\u1ebfm 28% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 FDI, n\u0103m 2023 l\u00e0 22%. FDI TQ \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00f9ng Singapore v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n trong ba v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty TQ t\u1ea1i VN l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, may m\u1eb7c, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, t\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi solar. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb TQ. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi VN. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea7y xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e3n xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 VN, h\u00e0ng n\u1ea7y qua M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c l\u00fd do TQ m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng giao d\u1ecbch kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi VN:<\/em> VN \u1edf c\u1ea1nh TQ, c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1ed1ng nhau, TQ b\u1ecb Hoa k\u1ef3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf, TQ v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh s\u00e1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb 2015, VN l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho c\u00f4ng ty TQ, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

    *C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n TQ t\u1ea1i VN<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1t thu\u1ebf h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n, Hoa k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u VN ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, t\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng VN ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 100% l\u00e0 do VN ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a TQ, tr\u1eeb gi\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 VN, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean quan thu\u1ebf x\u00e9t r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb VN c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 th\u1eadt hay xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 ng\u1ee5y t\u1ea1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, v\u00ec qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n VN-TQ l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3. Cho n\u00ean ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n M\u1ef9 qua VN \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n VN tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 20-30 % c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng TQ.<\/p>\n

    Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi, h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c TQ d\u01b0\u1edbi ba d\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

    Lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 d\u00e1n nh\u1ea3n.<\/em> L\u00e0 h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf TQ v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00eam. Ch\u1ec9 qua VN \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 \u201cmade in VN\u201d v\u00e0 v\u00e0i d\u1ecbch d\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a qua M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    Lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.<\/em> Qua VN cho l\u00ean kho v\u1ef1a, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, bao b\u00ec, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Xong chuy\u1ec3n qua M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    Lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i VN do c\u00f4ng ty TQ \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, v\u1ed1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb TQ.<\/em> VN ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00eam ph\u1ea5p l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, cho thu\u00ea m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 thu \u00edt thu\u1ebf. H\u00e0ng n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 VN.<\/p>\n

    T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch tam gi\u00e1c Vietnam-Hoa k\u1ef3-Trung qu\u1ed1c: \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf quan cao c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau c\u1ee7a TQ v\u1edbi M\u1ef9, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a thay v\u00ec \u0111i th\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb TQ qua M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf chuy\u1ec3n qua VN, d\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u00edt gia c\u00f4ng hay d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o xu\u1ea5t qua M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a h\u00e0ng VN, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb thu\u1ebf 12,5 % thay v\u00ec \u0111i th\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb TQ ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu 50% thu\u1ebf quan.<\/p>\n

    Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Hoa k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea9y ra \u1edf VN, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf Cambodia, Malaysia, Mexico\u2026\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong>IV. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cho VN v\u00ec Sai ph\u1ea1m M\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 H\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n <\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn sau c\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng qua c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 qua th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a VN \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ef9, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 theo ch\u00e1nh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 Hoa k\u1ef3, th\u00ec VN s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

    \"\"
    Image by Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng of Pixabay.com<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Trong m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3, VN h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i, thu v\u1ec1 h\u01a1n tr\u0103m t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim m\u1ed9t n\u0103m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n 10 n\u0103m. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i cho VN l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho M\u1ef9, n\u00ean nay v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi, Hoa k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi VN v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 40 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. VN l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

    *H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cho VN<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft VN l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m sai ph\u1ea1m v\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3, n\u00ean b\u1ecb thu\u1ebf quan cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 \u00a0c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c VN b\u1ecb y\u1ebfu \u0111i . \u00a0V\u00ec Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n thay th\u1ebf h\u00e0ng VN t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 VN.<\/p>\n

    Image by Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng of Pixabay.com<\/p>\n

    Xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng VN qua M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m, v\u00ec s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb TQ b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t 40%, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 cao, nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u. H\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n TQ ch\u00e1nh y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, may m\u1eb7c, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi solar, nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n m\u00e0 VN xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ee9t. Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n TQ t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb VN v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 25 % t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng VN qua M\u1ef9 , t\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 40 t\u1ef7 m\u1ef9 kim\/n\u0103m. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 VN ch\u00ednh c\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb T\u00e2n c\u01b0\u01a1ng do c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t, v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ec1 nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng h\u00e0ng M\u1ef9, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng VN kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

    Xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3m th\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, bao b\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, thu\u1ebf v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

    VN c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u0103n c\u1eafp s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Hoa k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 cho VN bi\u1ebft vi ph\u1ea1m n\u1ea7y t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng. K\u1ef3 n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

    Trong ch\u00e1nh s\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng TQ v\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch M\u1ef9 Trung, Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea1nh TQ, th\u00ec VN c\u00e0ng k\u1eb9t v\u1edbi TQ. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 VN c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, FDI c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb TQ qua VN, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty TQ qua VN r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. VN c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u00edt ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ec1 FDI M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o VN, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng trong kho\u1ea3ng 5 n\u0103m nay, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u. Hoa k\u1ef3 nh\u00ecn t\u1edbi m\u00f3n d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed VN, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f2n d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n TQ ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u1edf VN kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t cho c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

    VN l\u00e0 n\u01a1i thu\u1eadn l\u01a1i cho FDI TQ, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng VN ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn do kinh t\u1ebf TQ tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp qua VN, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u1ed7i v\u1edbi TQ, tham nh\u0169ng gia t\u0103ng, b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb TQ l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. M\u00e0 VN lu\u00f4n \u1edf th\u1ebf y\u1ebfu v\u1edbi TQ.<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi TQ. Th\u1ebf b\u1eaft c\u00e1 hai tay k\u1ef3 n\u1ea7y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng VN ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf VN, v\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 75% h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c. Kinh t\u1ebf VN d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, N\u0103m 2023, VN xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng 336 t\u1ef7 (80% GDP), 2024 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng 403 t\u1ef7 (90%GDP), 2025 Xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng 643 t\u1ef7 (120%GDP) (World Top Exports, 2026). S\u1ef1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

    *H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Trung qu\u1ed1c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    V\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. T\u1ed1t l\u00e0 Hoa k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam s\u1ed1 thu quan thu\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt t\u00f9y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng ch\u00e1nh g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a VN qua M\u1ef9. M\u1ef9 \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia. H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd v\u00e0o VN v\u1edbi thu\u1ebf quan 0%. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 M\u1ef9 \u1edf VN s\u1ebd t\u0103ng th\u00eam. Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o VN b\u1edbt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng TQ. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng th\u00eam, c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. M\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho Hoa k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba gia t\u0103ng, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c cho cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed.<\/p>\n

    V\u1edbi TQ, ch\u00e1nh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ebf quan m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u nay. S\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 suy y\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng trung chuy\u1ec3n TQ c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n phong c\u00e1ch ma gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 m\u01b0u s\u0129 bang giao kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a TQ. Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 an ninh Hoa k\u1ef3-TQ v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. S\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n

    N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf quan r\u1ea5t cao Hoa k\u1ef3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t cho VN c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c, cho VN trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. VN ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u01b0 duy, ch\u00e1nh s\u00e1ch, phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. C\u00e1i th\u00f3i quen ch\u1ee5p gi\u1ef1t, gian d\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

    Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 L\u1ed9c<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Cali th\u00e1ng 10\/2026<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tham Kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

    1.\u201dUS \u00a040% Tariff on Transshipped Goods: What Vietnamese Businesses Should Know in 2026\u201d,James Ng, Sliner, Circular 91\/2026<\/p>\n

    2.\u201dWhy Vietnam Will Not Balance Against China\u201d, Khang Vu, The Diplmat, July 2025<\/p>\n

    3.\u201dNew US-Vietnam Transshipment Tariff Agreement\u201d, Tung Ngo, Esko Cate, and Viet Nguyen, Knowledge Center.<\/p>\n

    4.Vietnam Cracks Down on Illegal Transshipments After Striking Trade Deal With US,Maritime Logistics, July\/10\/2025<\/p>\n

    5.\u201dThe US trying to restrict Chinese transshipments through Southeast Asia. Doing so will prove difficult\u201d, CEIAS, April\/12\/2025<\/p>\n

    6.\u201dHow Chinese Good Bypass US Tariffs: Beijing\u2019s Global Transshipment Network\u201d, Zoe Andreoli, WNY La Voice di New York, august\/14\/2026<\/p>\n

    7.\u201dWhite House Transshipment Report\u201d, Newsletter&Alerts, August\/20\/2026<\/p>\n

    8.\u201dChinese Investment Surge Reshapes Vietnam\u2019s Industrial Landscape\u201d, StratNews Global, 12\/10\/2025<\/p>\n

    9.\u201dVietnam, US step up cooperation against illegal transshipment, trade fraud\u201d,\u00a0 Reuter, July\/30\/2026<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    H\u00e0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u201cm\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o M\u1ef9, thu\u1ebf tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t 40% v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111ang ch\u1edd kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":2346,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[85,103,99],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-issue","category-deep-dives","category-essay"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2343"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2343\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2467,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2343\/revisions\/2467"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2343"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2343"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}