{"id":2003,"date":"2026-06-19T11:56:49","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T11:56:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/?p=2003"},"modified":"2026-06-19T11:56:49","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T11:56:49","slug":"tri-thong-minh-va-kien-thuc-dan-toc-viet-anh-huong-nguon-goc-di-truyen-va-dot-bien-moi-truong-van-hoa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/tri-thong-minh-va-kien-thuc-dan-toc-viet-anh-huong-nguon-goc-di-truyen-va-dot-bien-moi-truong-van-hoa\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00ed Th\u00f4ng Minh V\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c D\u00e2n T\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t: \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng Ngu\u1ed3n G\u1ed1c Di Truy\u1ec1n V\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9t Bi\u1ebfn M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng V\u0103n Ho\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00e9t trong s\u00e1ng, th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t <\/em>(Photo by TraMy on Pixabay.com)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0103n t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n [1] v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c [2] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi hai th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1: di truy\u1ec1n [3] v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n ho\u00e1. [4]<\/p>\n

I. Nh\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh Kh\u00e1i Qu\u00e1t<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n b\u00e0i tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

1.<\/strong> Tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh l\u00e0 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tinh th\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c nh\u1eb1m thu th\u1eadp ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c,[5] v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch sinh t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp;<\/p>\n

2.<\/strong> Tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t [\u201cgeneral mental ability\u201d] cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1eafc d\u00e2n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau: \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh th\u00ec trung b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i, t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111a di\u1ec7n, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

3.<\/strong> Mendel, Galton r\u1ed3i Jensen \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n [Genetics of Intelligence] l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh, song y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed5 t\u00fac nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

[a] Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ec l\u00fd do di truy\u1ec1n, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh [Intelligence Quotient=IQ] c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n g\u1ed1c \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 l\u00e0 106, g\u1ed1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 100, c\u00f2n g\u1ed1c Ch\u00e2u Phi l\u00e0 85 t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 70 t\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean x\u1ee9 Ch\u00e2u Phi;[6]<\/p>\n

[b] Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean [nature] c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn tinh th\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t hay s\u1ea5u, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c hay ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c do t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 [environment\/nurture]: s\u1eafc d\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 g\u1ed1c Ch\u00e2u Phi c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh cao h\u01a1n \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o\u201d h\u1ecd c\u00f2n sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u Phi; ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i \u00c2u M\u1ef9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u01b0c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em c\u00f2n \u1edf l\u1ea1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n, thi\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 tin, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, thi\u1ebfu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, thi th\u1ed1, n\u00ean thu h\u1eb9p sinh l\u1ef1c trong c\u1ea3nh ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00e1n v\u00e9 s\u1ed1 hay l\u1eb7n l\u1ed9i m\u00f2 t\u00f4m b\u1eaft c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

[c] Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong \u0111\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ee5 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh:[7] s\u1eafc d\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u Phi d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh cao h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 [so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o\u201d h\u1ecd sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u Phi], nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1eafc d\u00e2n g\u1ed1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c1.<\/p>\n

[d] Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, d\u00f9 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc d\u00e2n c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng minh v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u1edd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4i th\u00fac n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i nh\u1eadp.\u00a0 D\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Do th\u00e1i.\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i tuy c\u0169ng g\u1ed1c \u1ea2 r\u1eadp v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Phi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ed1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.\u00a0 V\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y \u0111o\u1ea1, b\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3i, xua \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, n\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i thi th\u1ed1 g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp th\u1ebf sinh t\u1ed3n.\u00a0 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, d\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 t\u1ed9c nh\u00e2n sinh th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u201ctuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng\u201d.<\/p>\n

4.<\/strong> Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft \u201ckh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb Ch\u00e2u Phi\u201d,[8] lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu [environmental\/spatial & climatic transmutations] [9], do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9 \u00f3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng th\u00eam kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00eam th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 kh\u00ed ph\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i sinh li\u00ean h\u1ec7:<\/p>\n

a. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi di t\u1ea3n, khi t\u1edbi Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u00f3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5 inches kh\u1ed1i [5 cubic inches = 5×2 ph\u00e2n r\u01b0\u1ee1i] so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c Ch\u00e2u Phi;<\/p>\n

b. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi di t\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c, khi t\u1edbi Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u201cv\u00e0ng\u201d, v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u00f3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1 inch kh\u1ed1i [1 cubic inch = 2 ph\u00e2n kh\u1ed1i r\u01b0\u1ee1i] so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n

c. Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 m\u00e0u da, ngo\u00e0i th\u1ee9 da \u0111en [nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c], tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng [bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng], c\u00f2n c\u00f3 da ng\u0103m\/n\u00e2u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Phi, g\u1ed3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, Do Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 mauresque\/musulman\/ sau xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha. B\u1ed9 da v\u00e0 n\u00e3o h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t y khoa v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u t\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

II. <\/strong>Tr\u00ed L\u1ef1c Di Truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n T\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>T\u1eeb th\u1eddi l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed t\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t, sinh t\u1eed nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

[a] kh\u1edfi d\u1ef1ng s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c th\u1eddi H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng;<\/p>\n

[b] nguy c\u01a1 H\u00e1n ho\u00e1 Th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Thu\u1ed9c;<\/p>\n

[c] kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp Th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m khai tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1eddi qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7;<\/p>\n

[d] th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c d\u00e2n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p;<\/p>\n

[e] th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch th\u1eddi n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c-C\u1ed9ng;<\/p>\n

[f] th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn t\u00f9 t\u00fang, t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m th\u1eddi to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ngo\u1ea1i nh\u1eadp;<\/p>\n

Qua l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 tr\u00ean, r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf trong kh\u00f4ng gian khu v\u1ef1c, nay chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c di truy\u1ec1n n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh t\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p b\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 CS phi nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u201cvi\u1ec7t\u201d hay\u201dv\u01b0\u1ee3t qua\u201d nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1eaft ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng minh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khai s\u00e1ng d\u00e2n sinh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed, trong khi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n \u0103n l\u00f4ng \u1edf l\u1ed7, nh\u1eb7t h\u00e1i, \u0103n s\u1ed1ng nu\u1ed1t t\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng hay s\u0103n b\u1eaft du m\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng B\u1eafc \u00c1 th\u00ec x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7y c\u1ea5y, nu\u00f4i s\u00fac v\u1eadt, nung \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u1eadp th\u00f4n, l\u1eadp \u1ea5p t\u1ef1 t\u00fac, t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5, gia c\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3 nung n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f2n di truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.\u00a0 C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o hoa v\u0103n, h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u1ecdc L\u0169 \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n,[10] ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5:<\/p>\n

1.<\/strong> \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u0103n minh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1eeba n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea7y b\u1eeba, ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1; v\u1eeba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng thuy\u1ec1n, x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda tr\u00ean d\u00e0n c\u1ed9t, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, l\u1ee5t l\u1ed9i; v\u1eeba bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o nung \u0111\u00fac, luy\u1ec7n kim kh\u00ed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

2.<\/strong> \u00dd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, th\u1edd th\u1ea7n \u201cm\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi\u201d, v\u1eadt t\u1ed5 chim \u201cL\u1ea1c\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c h\u1ed3i c\u01b0 hay \u201cch\u1ea1y\u201d v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t Nam, sau khi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc [thu\u1ed9c Nam Hoa ng\u00e0y nay] \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n l\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y khi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n 100 th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

3.<\/strong> Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, trang ph\u1ee5c, v\u0169 ngh\u1ec7, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc [18 con chim L\u1ea1c quanh chu vi m\u1eb7t tr\u1ed1ng, 18 \u0111\u1eddi Vua H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng v.v.] l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1ea1o luy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, th\u00e0nh v\u0103n ho\u00e1 sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

4.<\/strong> V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2011 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y,[11] v\u00f9ng Nam Hoa, nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u t\u00edch ch\u1eef c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t, kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 m\u1edbi, t\u1eeb 4 t\u1edbi 6 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t tung, v\u00f9i gi\u1ea5u trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t khi v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y b\u1ecb H\u00e1n ho\u00e1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u0103n ho\u00e1 L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u t\u00edch tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hoa v\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng khai qu\u1eadt di t\u00edch tr\u00ean, l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u00e0i \u201cho\u00e1 v\u0103n\u201d n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00fat t\u00edch kh\u1eafc th\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 l\u1ed1i ch\u1eef h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd, h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng [12] c\u1ee7a H\u00e1n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

\"
Hoa v\u0103n, h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u1ecdc L\u0169 \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n <\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Theo Thi\u1ebfu Khanh, \u201cvi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u1ed5 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 cho ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean. N\u00f3 v\u1ef1c d\u1eady nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c do b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i lung l\u1ea1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e2u nay c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, ph\u1ec9nh ph\u1edd\u2026\u201d [13]<\/p>\n

5.<\/strong> Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea7n t\u1ed5 k\u00e9p Ti\u00ean-R\u1ed3ng g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 h\u1eadu sinh. T\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tr\u0103m con sinh n\u1edf c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u1eeb b\u1ecdc tr\u1ee9ng sinh linh: \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t t\u1eebng g\u1ecdi nhau l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o\u201d \u2013 l\u00e0 ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d \u2014 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eadm m\u00e1u m\u1ee7 di truy\u1ec1n, kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n nh\u1eefng s\u00e1o ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 nh\u01b0 \u201ckh\u00fac ru\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n d\u1eadm\u201d c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb tham \u00f4 hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh CSVN.<\/li>\n
  • t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c g\u00e1c sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf tr\u00ean, ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 [ho\u00e0 c\u1ea3 l\u00e0ng; ch\u00edn b\u1ecf l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1eddi], n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1, \u0111\u00f9m b\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y nhau [b\u1ea7u \u01a1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea5y b\u00ed c\u00f9ng];<\/li>\n
  • \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng song b\u1ea3n \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng, tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n qu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec7n song h\u00e0nh [tuy hai m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, tuy m\u1ed9t m\u00e0 hai] cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n l\u00e0m l\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f3 nh\u1ecdc quanh n\u0103m, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 l\u00fac v\u1eeba th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m linh; v\u1eeba c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n, trong th\u1ebf h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t [c\u00f3 qua c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi to\u1ea1i l\u00f2ng nhau].<\/li>\n
  • Quan ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh, h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 tr\u00ean s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00f3ng theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n, b\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u201cb\u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, b\u00e1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u201d c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c song h\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, ph\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb [ph\u00e9p vua thua l\u1ec7 l\u00e0ng]. C\u0169ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1i ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh \u00c2u-L\u1ea1c: 50\/50, m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, khi h\u1ecd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn \u201cwin-win\u201d v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, ph\u00e2n chia, v\u1eeba l\u01b0\u1ee1ng to\u00e0n, v\u1eeba l\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ee3p [hu\u1ec1-c\u1ea3-l\u00e0ng].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    6.<\/strong> V\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thu\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, khi h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp m\u00f4i sinh v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ho\u00e1 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. V\u1eady, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng quy c\u1ee7, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 tinh vi, nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0i ho\u00e0, t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i t\u1edbi t\u00e2m linh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu \u0111\u00e1o. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n k\u1ebft sinh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c d\u1eabn chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di truy\u1ec1n cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng gi\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, tri\u1ec7t h\u1ee7y [th\u1eddi H\u00e1n thu\u1ed9c, Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c, C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb] m\u1ed7i k\u1ef3 th\u00eam th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u nay \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i \u201cdai d\u1eb3ng\u201d, b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 v\u0103n ho\u00e1, c\u00f3 ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a, c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n s\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 tinh t\u00fay di truy\u1ec1n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1edfi tai \u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

    III. \u0110\u1ed9t Bi\u1ebfn M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng & Hi\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1ea3n V\u0103n Ho\u00e1<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong>Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7y nguy c\u01a1 th\u1ea3m h\u1ea1i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, n\u00ean d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f4i khi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i di\u1ec7n hay l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 sinh t\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

    T\u1eeb th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy nan b\u1ecb thu\u1ed3ng lu\u1ed3ng \u00e1m h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n, d\u00e2n B\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t s\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ec1 thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i x\u0103m m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u0169y qu\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ed1ng y\u00ean \u1ed5n v\u1edbi l\u0169 r\u1eafn bi\u1ec3n t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    T\u1edbi th\u1eddi B\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng, c\u1ea3i trang, gi\u1ea5u gi\u1ebfm t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i to v\u1ebb ngu ng\u01a1 kh\u1edd d\u1ea1i c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 c\u1ea3nh quan quy\u1ec1n v\u01a1 v\u00e9t s\u1eafc d\u00e2n th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t \u0111em v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t H\u00e1n, theo l\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch th\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3n Tr\u1ecdng th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, r\u1ed3i to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i d\u1ea1ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng vai v\u1ebf b\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, cam l\u00f2ng h\u00f9a theo ph\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ee5y c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u1ecb d\u00e2n, ph\u1ea3n d\u00e2n, h\u1ea1i d\u00e2n; r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0nh \u1ea9n d\u1eadt, \u00e9m m\u00ecnh s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i trong c\u1ea3nh s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i, m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do, m\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ea5t t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c.\u00a0 T\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1eadp theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nguy\u00ean h\u00ecnh hay tr\u00e1 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ee5y v\u0103n ho\u00e1, ph\u1ea3n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 nh\u00e2n sinh, ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 quan l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3ng phi\u1ec7t CSVN, nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb lan r\u1ed9ng sau khi Saigon th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 n\u0103m 1975.\u00a0 M\u1ea5t t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi th\u1ee9 c\u00e1n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n v\u1ed9i s\u1ed1ng, v\u1ed9i c\u01b0\u1edbp, v\u1ed9i l\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch, d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m hay trao b\u00e1n linh h\u1ed3n.\u00a0 C\u00f4ng s\u1edf, L\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh danh, ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi. Trong nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn sinh th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb k\u00ecm h\u00e3m, \u0111\u00f3ng neo, g\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u00ean c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c, c\u1eadn th\u1ecb, m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

    Sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u201c\u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi\u201d, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1t, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u1ed3n th\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111ua \u0111\u00f2i.\u00a0 Tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh sinh t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u00e2n k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng, theo h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1 h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u1ea9n l\u00e1ch, m\u00e1nh mung kh\u00f4n v\u1eb7t, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean thu\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u, b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e1.\u00a0 C\u00e1i tai \u00e1c, sai qu\u1ea5y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5p, ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng sinh s\u1eafc lu\u00e2n l\u00fd thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3, do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CSVN, tham nh\u0169ng, phi ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn, x\u00fai b\u1ea9y?<\/p>\n

    C\u0103n nguy\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p di truy\u1ec1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee7 k\u00edn b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp b\u1ee5i th\u1eddi gian.\u00a0 H\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a R\u1ed3ng Ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n m\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n linh soi s\u00e1ng, n\u00ean \u1ea9n d\u1eadt v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m hay t\u00ea nh\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt, \u00f4 u\u1ebf, man khai, gian t\u1ea1o.\u00a0 T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 do ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb gian \u00e1c, b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng tr\u1ee5c l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ea3ng, cho nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea1i gia mafia \u0111\u1ecf, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c d\u00e2n\u2014 t\u00e2n n\u00f4 t\u1ef3 h\u1ea1 gi\u1edbi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng lay l\u1eaft ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eb7c, kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m H\u00e1n t\u1ed9c, T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng Nh\u00ec M\u1eabu Qu\u1ed1c. [14]<\/p>\n

    IV. K\u1ebft Sinh v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadp<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    \u00a01. <\/strong>\u00dd Th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Nhu C\u1ea7u Th\u1ef1c S\u1ef1 cu\u1ea3 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi D\u00e2n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong>Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3\u00a0 r\u00f5, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n sinh, v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn tinh th\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t hay s\u1ea5u, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c hay ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c do t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 hay ph\u1ea3n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n, ng\u1ee5y trang, c\u1ea3i d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a tai \u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ebfn nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.\u00a0 \u00c1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n sinh, tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a\u00a0 t\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m v\u1eadt th\u00ed sinh \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di c\u0103n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t mi\u1ec5n, v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n.\u00a0 Con giun x\u00e9o l\u1eb1m c\u0169ng qu\u1eb1n. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 giun \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ed1t r\u1ed3ng, t\u00e2m ti\u00ean, v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c ng\u1eedng c\u1ed5, h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngay t\u1eeb th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

    Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n v\u0103n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong \u0111\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ee5 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh k\u1ebft sinh to\u00e0n b\u00edch, do \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t v\u00ec c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng minh, tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c, n\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u1edd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4i th\u00fac n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

    D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n, m\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u1ea5t s\u00e1ch, m\u1ea5t ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, m\u1ea5t danh d\u1ef1, m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi; \u0111\u00e3 bao l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y \u0111o\u1ea1 c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, b\u1ecb b\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3i, l\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1t t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y sang th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac s\u1ebd t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, ng\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u201ctuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng\u201d.<\/p>\n

    Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n h\u01a1n 90 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, h\u00e0i ho\u00e0, qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh, h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1eefng b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c qua tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c di truy\u1ec1n, b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t, b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau;<\/li>\n
    • b\u1ea3o tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch trung th\u1ef1c c\u0169a \u0111a s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u1eabn h\u00e0i ho\u00e0, t\u1eed t\u1ebf, l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n;<\/li>\n
    • th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tham \u00f4, lai c\u0103ng, b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea1c ngo\u1ea1i vi, b\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng, b\u1ea5t cam, c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf khi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh thu\u1eadn ho\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p;<\/li>\n
    • \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng dai d\u1eb3ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng minh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u sinh t\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n, t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9nh;<\/li>\n
    • V\u00e0 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n \u201cv\u01b0\u1ee3t qua\u201d th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1, khai tr\u1eeb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ecdc Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 H\u1ecdc, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tr\u00ed Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 L\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2m<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc. Do th\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb li\u00ean h\u1ec7.\u00a0 Do hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n gia truy\u1ec1n, hay kinh nghi\u1ec7m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi.\u00a0 \u0110a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc, \u00edt hay nhi\u1ec1u, th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng hay uy\u00ean b\u00e1c.\u00a0 B\u1edd ru\u1ed9ng, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ee3 b\u00faa, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eefu \u00edch, th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

      H\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n tay ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c giao ph\u00f3, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u, b\u1edbt sai l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ed3n th\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, t\u1ea1o luy\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, m\u1edf th\u00eam h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh, n\u00e2ng cao n\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, chuy\u00ean khoa, th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ed5 t\u00fac, t\u00e1i hu\u1ea5n.\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 m\u1edf c\u1eeda t\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd c\u00f5i, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng giang s\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

      Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

      L\u01b0\u01a1ng tri l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1i \u0111\u00fang, c\u00e1i sai, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh danh, ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb t\u1edbi h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, minh b\u1ea1ch, ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

      Ngo\u00e0i l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9c nghi\u1ec7p, l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, d\u00ednh li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c.\u00a0 Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u00ed kh\u00ed ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, h\u1ea7u t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, b\u1ea3o tr\u1ecdng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i, tu\u00e2n theo lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

      Kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, b\u00e1c s\u0129, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, s\u1eed gia thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9c nghi\u1ec7p, thi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng minh, l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u gian d\u1ed1i, th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

      Kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0103n h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5c t\u00f2ng k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9c, phi nh\u00e2n, phi ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

      C\u0169ng kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1ed9ng, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ch\u00f9m ch\u0103n hay v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n, b\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u1ea9y ra b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u1ecd, ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecd\u2026 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 n\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, c\u0103n ng\u0103n, b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp.\u00a0 Ngo\u00e0i tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, ph\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng sai qu\u1ea5y, b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp s\u1ee9c ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n, khai tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 \u0111oan x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

      T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00e0o kh\u00ed di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t.\u00a0 Ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tin v\u00e0 mong ch\u1edd ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t chung: nh\u1eefng tia s\u00e1ng b\u1eadt l\u1eeda thi\u00eang.<\/p>\n

      \u00a03. <\/span><\/strong>Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m Quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 Quy\u1ec1n, Nh\u00e0 D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 Ch\u1ee9c Tr\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn CSVN ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m Quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o trong tay. Quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a CSVN kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c r\u1eebng r\u00fa c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i th\u00fa v\u1eadt c\u1ea3i d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m mafia \u0111\u1ea3ng phi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0m l\u00e3nh-t\u1ee5-cha-ch\u00fa-nh\u00e2n-d\u00e2n; c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i gia nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 si\u00eau th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n; c\u1ea3i hu\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng an \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c; c\u1ea3i m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0m quan to\u00e0 x\u00e9t x\u1eed theo \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh; c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed1n lu\u1eadt r\u1eebng; c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb s\u0129 qu\u1ed1c doanh, n\u00f4 t\u00ec, g\u1eadt g\u00f9, ph\u00e8 ph\u1ee1n; c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hay c\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m s\u01b0, l\u00e0m linh m\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c doanh.<\/p>\n

      Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, CSVN r\u1ea5t chu \u0111\u00e1o trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh: c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, bao nhi\u00eau s\u00e1o ng\u1eef \u201ckinh t\u00e0i theo x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u201d, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01a1 v\u00e9t, d\u1ef1ng b\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u00f9 m\u1ee7n cun.\u00a0 \u0102n h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 l\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

      C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a CSVN ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u00e1nh mung d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t v\u1edf tu\u1ed3ng lo\u00e8 lo\u1eb9t, lo\u1ea1i bi h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch n\u1eeda m\u00f9a\u2013c\u01b0\u1eddi ra n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft\u2013, m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n, k\u00e9p ch\u00ednh, k\u00e9p ph\u1ee5, v\u0103n c\u00f4ng, qu\u00e9t s\u00e0n, l\u00ean m\u00e0n, xu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0n\u2026 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1n th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec1u r\u00f5 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edf tu\u1ed3ng d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n xi\u1ebfc ph\u1ea3n v\u0103n ho\u00e1, b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i, tham lam, l\u1eeba l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

      Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, CSVN \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t si\u00eau-c\u00f4ng-ty-\u0111\u1ea3ng-phi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m \u0103n b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, \u2014 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng-bao-gi\u1edd-ch\u1ebft\u201d, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea1t m\u1ea1ng\u201d, l\u1ebfu l\u00e1o, l\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1t tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n.\u00a0 Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, CSVN c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u0103n ra ch\u1ebft b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, b\u1ea5t th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh v\u1eady. V\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u201cSi\u00eau-C\u00f4ng-Ty-\u0111\u1ea3ng-phi\u1ec7t\u201d l\u00e0m \u0103n b\u1ea5t t\u1eed n\u00e0y l\u00e1o l\u1ebfu \u1edf ch\u1ed7 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ec9nh g\u1ea1t, m\u01b0\u1ee3n hay c\u01b0\u1edbp sinh m\u1ea1ng, ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i, v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c, nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3n hay c\u01b0\u1edbp th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u2014 c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u00e2n danh \u201cnh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d \u2013 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00f4ng an, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, to\u00e0 \u00e1n, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u2026 \u201cnh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d \u2013 nh\u01b0ng con n\u1ee3, k\u1ec3 t\u00f4i t\u1edb, can ph\u1ea1m, t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 k\u1ebb-th\u00f9-nh\u00e2n-d\u00e2n-y\u00eau-n\u01b0\u1edbc\u2026 c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 99% nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

      Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady CSVN ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c quy\u1ec1n, c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch v\u1edbi d\u00e2n, v\u00ec d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

      Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n, s\u1ebd t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n; s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ecb th\u1ebf d\u00e2n l\u00e0m c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, kinh t\u1ebf, y t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, m\u00f4i sinh, ch\u1ec9nh trang \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 b\u1edd c\u00f5i.<\/p>\n

      M\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, thu\u1eadn nh\u1eadn.\u00a0 Ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n, nh\u1eefng \u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7m vi\u00ean ch\u00e2n t\u00edn.\u00a0 M\u1ecdi sai ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, l\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n, b\u1ed9i \u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ed9i t\u00edn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

      T\u1ea1m K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong>D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 coi x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp h\u1ed3i tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cha \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 k\u1ebft sinh v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

      [1] m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ef1 tin;<\/p>\n

      [2] m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0o l\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m;<\/p>\n

      [3] m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh [c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, do d\u00e2n, v\u00ec d\u00e2n], c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

      Gi\u1eefa h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u00eam ao \u01b0\u1edbc: \u201ccon h\u01a1n cha, nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00fac\u201d.\u00a0 H\u01a1n \u1edf c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n theo \u0111\u00fang khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u0103n b\u1ea3n [s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, h\u00e0i ho\u00e0, qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh, h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng] c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng, di truy\u1ec1n t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

      Li\u1ec7u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 ph\u00fac hay v\u00f4 ph\u00fac?\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u1eabn tin v\u00e0 mong r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ph\u00fac.\u00a0 \u00cdt ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m tin khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

      TS.LS. L\u01afU NGUY\u1ec4N \u0110\u1ea0T, PhD, LLB\/JD, LLM<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Michigan State University, Howard Law School<\/strong><\/p>\n

      GHI CH\u00da<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong>[1] Intelligence is the capacity of our rational mind to consolidate and evaluate external stimuli by integrating sensory input with our memory and our programming\/THE GENETIC BASIS OF INTELLIGENCE By Farnoosh Tayyari.<\/p>\n

      [2] Attempted world-wide compilations of average IQ by race generally place Ashkenazi Jews and East Asians at the top, followed by Whites, Arabs and Native Americans, sub-Saharan Africans and Australian Aboriginals.[11][12][13]>[14][15] \u2191 Herrnstein, R. J. and Murray, C. (1994). The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-02-914673-9.<\/p>\n

      [3] di truy\u1ec1n\/genetics\/nature.<\/p>\n

      [4] m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \/environment\/nurture.<\/p>\n

      [5] Intellect is described as \u201cthe power of the mind to think in a logical manner and acquire knowledge.<\/p>\n

      [6] Martin Meredith (10 May 2011). Born in Africa: The Quest for the Origins of Human Life. PublicAffairs. p. 148. ISBN 9781586486631. Retrieved 14 June 2011. , 331 (6016), 453-456 DOI: 10.1126\/science.1199113<\/p>\n

      ^ William A. Haviland; Harald E. L. Prins; Dana Walrath; Bunny McBride (24 February 2009). The Essence of Anthropology. Cengage Learning. p. 90.ISBN 9780495599814. Retrieved 14 June 2011.<\/p>\n

      ^ Liu H, Prugnolle F, Manica A, Balloux F (August 2006). \u201cA geographically explicit genetic model of worldwide human-settlement history\u201d. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 79 (2): 230 7.\u00a0 10.1086\/505436. PMC 1559480.PMID 16826514. \u201cCurrently available genetic and archaeological evidence is generally interpreted as supportive of a recent single origin of modern humans in East Africa. However, this is where the near consensus on human settlement history ends, and considerable uncertainty clouds any more detailed aspect of human colonization history.\u201d<\/p>\n

      [7] The Gene-Environment Architecture of IQ is the Same in all Races, and Race Differences are Most Pronounced on More Heritable Abilities. Studies of Black, White, and East Asian twins, for example, show the heritability of IQ is 50% or higher in all races. THE GENETIC BASIS OF INTELLIGENCE By Farnoosh Tayyari.<\/p>\n

      [8] Peter Lafreniere (22 September 2010). Adaptive Origins: Evolution and Human Development. Taylor & Francis. p. 90.ISBN 9780805860122. Retrieved 14 June 2011.<\/p>\n

      ^ Ren\u00e9e Hetherington; Robert G. B. Reid (2010). The Climate Connection: Climate Change and Modern Human Evolution. Cambridge University Press. p. 64. ISBN 9780521147231. Retrieved 14 June 2011.<\/p>\n

      ^ Stringer C (June 2003). \u201cHuman evolution: Out of Ethiopia\u201d. Nature 423(6941): 692\u20133, 695. doi:10.1038\/423692a. PMID 12802315.<\/p>\n

      ^ Johanson D. \u201cOrigins of Modern Humans: Multiregional or Out of Africa?\u201d. ActionBioscience. American Institute of Biological Sciences.<\/p>\n

      ^ \u201cModern Humans \u2013 Single Origin (Out of Africa) vs Multiregional\u201d.<\/p>\n

      ^\u00a0 Searching for traces of the Southern Dispersal, by Dr. Marta Miraz\u00f3n Lahr, et al.<\/p>\n

      ^ Was North Africa the Launch Pad for Modern Human Migrations?Michael Balter, science 7 January 2011: 331 (6013), 20\u201323. [DOI:10.1126\/science.331.6013.20]<\/p>\n

      ^ A Revised Root for the Human Y Chromosomal Phylogenetic Tree: The Origin of Patrilineal Diversity in Africa. Fulvio Cruciani, Beniamino Trombetta, Andrea Massaia, Giovanni Destro-Bisol, Daniele Sellitto, Rosaria Scozzari, The American Journal of Human Genetics \u2013 19 May 2011<\/p>\n

      ^ Earliest evidence of modern human life history in North African early Homo sapiens, Tanya M. Smith, Paul Tafforeau, Donald J. Reid, Rainer Gr\u00fcn, Stephen Eggins, Mohamed Boutakiout, Jean-Jacques Hublin, doi: 10.1073\/pnas.0700747104 PNAS April 10, 2007 vol. 104 no. 15 6128\u20136133<\/p>\n

      [9] \u201cTransmutation and functional representation of heterogeneous landscapes\u201d, Anthony W. King, Alan R. Johnson* and Robert V. O\u2019Neill \u2018Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 3 78314335, USA; Biological Transmutations\/ Biologische Transmutation : Biologische Transmutation (auch Kervran-Effekt) werden Kernumwandlungen (Transmutation) in biologischen Systemen (Pfanzen, Mensch oder Tiere). Louis Kervran\u2019s work on BIOLOGICAL TRANSMUTATIONS\u00a0 www.lasarcyk.de\/kervran\/<\/p>\n

      [10]. Tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 g\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea1c kh\u00ed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o\u2026 Tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, trong l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i t\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Tr\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec tr\u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng to v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p. Tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00ed, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n theo khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 qua \u0111\u1eddi.\u00a0 Tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u1ecdc L\u0169 I l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc to l\u1edbn, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh, t\u1eadp trung hoa v\u0103n phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam;<\/p>\n

      [11] \u201cPh\u00e1t Hi\u1ec7n Ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed5 \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y\u201d, Ha Van Thuy, www.vietthuc.org,February 16, 2012 -www.vietthuc.org,http:\/\/www.vietthuc.org\/2012\/02\/16\/phat-hi%E1%BB%87n-ch%E1%BB%AF-vi%E1%BB%87t-c%E1%BB%95-%E1%BB%9F-qu%E1%BA%A3ng-tay\/<\/p>\n

      [12] A pictogram, also called a pictogramme or pictograph, is an ideogram that conveys its meaning through its pictorial resemblance to a physical object. Pictographs are often used in writing and graphic systems in which the characters are to considerable extent pictorial in appearance. Pictography is a form of writing which uses representational, pictorial drawings.<\/p>\n

      [13] \u201cvi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u1ed5 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 cho ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean. N\u00f3 v\u1ef1c d\u1eady nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c do b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i lung l\u1ea1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e2u nay c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, ph\u1ec9nh ph\u1edd\u2026\u201d Thi\u1ebfu Khanh, email Feb 22, 2012: \u201cAnh T\u00e2m Nghi\u00eam th\u00e2n m\u1ebfn\u201d.<\/p>\n

      [14] ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 an ninh t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o l\u00f9ng b\u1eaft, tra t\u1ea5n thu\u1ed9c d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng qua t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Deuxi\u00e8me Bureau de l\u2019\u00c9tat-major g\u00e9n\u00e9ral th\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4 h\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ts.Ls. L\u01b0u Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ea1t truy nguy\u00ean c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t qua di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u2014 t\u1eeb tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":2005,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[85,103],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-issue","category-deep-dives"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":7}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2003"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2110,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2003\/revisions\/2110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975mag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}